{"id":1179,"date":"2021-02-24T20:03:08","date_gmt":"2021-02-24T15:03:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pide.org.pk\/blog\/?p=1179"},"modified":"2021-02-24T20:09:03","modified_gmt":"2021-02-24T15:09:03","slug":"the-fatfs-do-more","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pide.org.pk\/blog\/the-fatfs-do-more\/","title":{"rendered":"The FATF&#8217;s &#8216;Do More&#8217;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>By Idrees Khawaja<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One question being asked feverishly today is: will Pakistan exit the FATF gray list? Predicting one or the other way is difficult, however, one thing is certain\u2013Pakistan will not go on the blacklist. Whether we will come out depends more on our foreign relations than compliance with the technical standards. Compliance or no compliance, India, being one of the 39 members of FATF, will for sure oppose our exit from the grey list. China, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia had earlier supported our exit but we need 13 members to be on our side, not just 3. If we can win the new Biden administration to our side then surely we will exit. The million-dollar question is, can we win Biden? This will crucially depend on how the Biden administration views the peace deal with Afghanistan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Geo-politics\nand foreign relations apart, the technical standards given by the FATF are\ndifficult to meet. At the last meeting, the task force asked Pakistan to comply\nwith a list of 27 points standards. The recent FATF-related legislation in\nPakistan, the arrest\/detention of certain people, different checks on banking\ntransactions, and foreign currency dealings are an attempt to meet the\nconditions laid down by the FATF. Purely, on merit there seems to be a lot of\nprogress, however, still, the diplomatic overtures underpin by national\ninterests of member countries will have the final say.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The\noriginal recommendations of the FATF drawn up in 1990 were designed to combat\nthe use of financial systems for laundering drug money. Immediately after 9\/11,\nthey expanded the mandate of FATF to include financing of terrorist acts and\nterrorist organizations in its fold. The FATF mandate says:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>\u201cCountries should identify, assess, and understand the money laundering and terrorist financing risks for the country, and should take action, including designating an authority or mechanism to\u2026 ensuring that the risks are mitigated effectively\u2026 Countries should apply a risk-based approach (RBA) to ensure that measures to prevent\u2026 money laundering and terrorist financing are commensurate with the risks identified\u201d<\/p><cite>FATF Mandate<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>The wording of the mandate implies that countries have to identify for themselves whether they are a high-risk or low-risk country and what measures will combat money laundering and terrorist financing within their country. However, the judge, jury, and executioner over the risk assessment and the combat measures taken by a country, is the FATF. Given the subjective nature of the risk assessment and the combat measures undertaken, it is not too difficult to change the goal post, asking a country to <em>\u2018do more\u2019<\/em>, if the geopolitical dynamics so demand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We owe some of this trouble to\nourselves. If we receive billions through wire transfer in the account of a\nvery poor person and these transfers make headlines as well, then this will not\nhelp Pakistan\u2019s cause at the FATF. Such transfers imply that the country\u2019s\nfinancial systems are quite weak. However, for any money laundered into\nPakistan or out of the country, there has to be a sender or a recipient country\nof such money\u2013one wonders whether such sender or recipient country is also on\nthe grey list?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The list of countries under the increased watch of FATF includes Pakistan and it also includes Panama\u2013famous for the <em>Panama Leaks<\/em>. Another jurisdiction that earned fame during the leak\u2019s time was the British Virgin Islands\u2013but it is not on FATF\u2019s watch list of countries. Could this be because of the special nature of its jurisdiction, <em>\u2018overseas British territory\u2019<\/em>, or is there something else to it. Britain of course is a member of the FATF.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Compliance with the FATF standards means introducing measures that have made it slightly more difficult to open and operate a bank account in Pakistan. <em>Know Your Customer<\/em> (KYC) requirements have increased for the banks. This is bound to affect financial inclusion adversely. If banks and the country at large decide to embrace the use of technology, woes of the customers will be less-rather than asking clients to run helter-skelter for providing a copy of the national ID card, the banks must link with the NADRA database to allow direct verification of the details of a client from the certified database. This will also kill the potential of submitting someone else\u2019s ID card to support a transaction without his\/her explicit permission. This would also make us more compliant with the FATF.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Given our serious efforts to comply, if we exit the grey list, we should remain on our toes.\u00a0Any member country of the FATF can report another country needing to be watched more closely, and this can start proceedings for a greater watch. With India being a member of the FATF, our FATF-woes are not likely to end too soon. The solution lies in making ourselves economically strong enough that twisting our arm hurt the <em>Have-countries<\/em>\u2013but this will take time and effort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>International Standards on Combating Money Laundering and Financing of Terrorism &amp; Proliferation, the FATF Recommendations, Updated October 2020, FATF<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>https:\/\/www.fatf- gafi.org\/media\/fatf\/documents\/recommendations\/pdfs\/FATF%20Recommendations%202012.pdf\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mutual Evaluation of Pakistan, 1st Follow-up Report, September 2020, Asia\/Pacific Group on Money Laundering, APG Secretariat, Sydney, Australia. https:\/\/www.fatf-gafi.org\/media\/fatf\/documents\/reports\/fur\/APG-1st-Follow-Up-Report-Pakistan-2020.pdf <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Khawaja Idrees considers the question of whether Pakistan will manage an exit from the FATF gray list on February 25th, 2021, or any time soon? Predicting one or the other way is difficult, however, one thing is certain &#8211; Pakistan will not go to the black list. Whether Pakistan exits or not, depends more on our foreign relations than compliance with the technical standards. Given Pakistan&#8217;s serious efforts to comply, if the country manages an exit from the grey list, she should remain on her toes. With India being a member of the FATF, Pakistan&#8217;s FATF-woes are not likely to end too soon. The solution lies in making the country economically strong enough that twisting her arm hurts the Have-countries-this will take time.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1185,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1,263,7],"tags":[45,377,379,380],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The FATF&#039;s &#039;Do More&#039; - PIDE Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Khawaja Idrees considers the question of whether Pakistan will manage an exit from the FATF gray list on February 25th, 2021, or any time soon? Predicting one or the other way is difficult, however, one thing is certain - Pakistan will not go to the black list. Whether Pakistan exits or not, depends more on our foreign relations than compliance with the technical standards. Given Pakistan&#039;s serious efforts to comply, if the country manages an exit from the grey list, she should remain on her toes. With India being a member of the FATF, Pakistan&#039;s FATF-woes are not likely to end too soon. The solution lies in making the country economically strong enough that twisting her arm hurts the Have-countries-this is will take time.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pide.org.pk\/blog\/the-fatfs-do-more\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The FATF&#039;s &#039;Do More&#039; - PIDE Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Khawaja Idrees considers the question of whether Pakistan will manage an exit from the FATF gray list on February 25th, 2021, or any time soon? Predicting one or the other way is difficult, however, one thing is certain - Pakistan will not go to the black list. Whether Pakistan exits or not, depends more on our foreign relations than compliance with the technical standards. Given Pakistan&#039;s serious efforts to comply, if the country manages an exit from the grey list, she should remain on her toes. With India being a member of the FATF, Pakistan&#039;s FATF-woes are not likely to end too soon. 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