Development Projects Observed by A. O. Hirschman. The Brookings Institute, 1969.

There has been persistent dissatisfaction in Pakistan, both at official and unofficial levels, with the performance of public-sector projects. While there are some notable successful exceptions, on the whole, projects take a long time to get started; there are large over-runs on estimated investment costs; the period of investment often proves to be longer than expected; technical difficulties trouble production and anticipated markets do not materialize. It is questionable in some cases whether even the original conception of the project, as costed and conceived, would have resulted in a net benefit to the economy. In every sector and in both wings of the country there are examples of projects with such problems.