Hastings Donnan and Pnina Werbner (eds). Economy and Culture inPakistan: Migrants and Cities in a Muslim Society. London: Macmillan.1991. 268 pp.

Modem economic factors and forces are rapidly transforming theworld into a single society and economy in which the migration of peopleat the national and international levels plays an important role.Pakistan, as a modem nation, has characteristically been deeplyinfluenced by such migrations, both national and international. Thefirst great exodus occurred in 1947 when over eight million IndianMuslims migrated from different parts of India to Pakistan. Thus, fromthe very beginning mass population movements and migrations have beenwoven into Pakistan’s social fabric through its history, culture andreligion. These migrations have greatly influenced the form andsubstance of the national economy, the contours of the political system,patterns of urbanisation and the physiognomy of the overall culture andhistory of the country. The recent political divide of Sindh onrural/Sindhi, and urban/non-Sindhi, ethnic and linguistic lines is thedirect result of these earlier settlements of these migrants in theurban areas of Sindh.